Cannabis genotype:
A genotype is the genetic makeup of a strain of cannabis. It refers to the particular combination of DNA that a plant possesses.
The genotype of cannabis strains plays a significant role in cannabis breeders’ selection process and determines the plant’s essential characteristics. The genetic makeup is also responsible for the plant’s resistance to pests, diseases, and adverse environmental conditions. Knowing a plant's genotype can inform decisions on breeding and cultivation practices.
Cannabis Phenotype:
A phenotype refers to the physical characteristics and traits of a cannabis plant that grows as a result of its unique genetic makeup. The phenotype influences the plant's aroma, flavor, and effects. These characteristics depend on various factors, including growing conditions, temperature, humidity, and environmental factors.
Phenotypes often have some genetic variation, which is why two plants of the same genotype can look and smell slightly different. It can be challenging to differentiate between two different genotypes by looking at their phenotype.
Hybrid Cannabis:
Hybrid cannabis combines the genetic makeup of two or more parent strains. It typically results in a plant with a unique genotype and phenotype. However, the hybrid strain's characteristics will depend heavily on the genes inherited from each parent strain.
Hybrids can be dominant in one plant's genotype, which means that it will be taller, stronger, or have a more potent effect. Additionally, some hybrids may be classified as either Indica or Sativa based on the plant's dominant characteristics.
Cannabinoids and Terpenes:
Cannabinoids, such as THC and CBD, and terpenes are the major compounds in cannabis responsible for its effect. These compounds are partly influenced by a plant's genotype but are mostly determined by the phenotype. Different strains have different cannabinoid and terpene profiles, so consumers can choose products with specific effects based on their preferences.
Conclusion:
Cannabis genotypes and phenotypes are crucial to understanding what makes one strain different from another. Breeding, cultivation, and environmental factors all impact a plant's genotype, while environmental factors and genetics impact a plant's phenotype. Knowing the difference between the two can help cannabis growers and consumers find the perfect strain for their needs. Whether it's a Sativa hybrid with uplifting effects or an Indica hybrid with sedating effects, the possibilities are endless, and it's all thanks to the unique genetics and phenotypes of cannabis. Next time you're at your local cannabis delivery service, consider the differences in genotypes and phenotypes before making your purchase.